RvBivet mvs¯‹…wZK RM‡Zi GK Abb¨ wecøex

†W¯‹ wi‡cvU© : ms¯‹…wZ ev KvjPvi‡K HwZnvwmKfv‡e we‡kølY Kiv LyeB KwVb| eZ©gvb ms¯‹…wZ ev cÖPwjZ PP©v¸‡jvi ïiæUv wVK wKfv‡e n‡qwQj? †Kvb †Kvb AÂj I mgq cÖfvweZ K‡iwQj Avgv‡`i ms¯‹…wZ‡K? cÖvPxb ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ Avgv‡`i GLbKvi ms¯‹…wZi cv_©K¨B ev †Kv_vq? G ai‡bi cÖ‡kœi DËi †LuvRvi Rb¨ AZx‡Z mvs¯‹…wZK gnvi_x‡`i wb‡q ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| GgbB GK e¨w³Z¡ wQ‡jb 9g `k‡Ki Av›`vjywmqv (gymwjg †¯úb) Gi Awaevmx GKRb gymwjg e¨w³| Zv‡K †mœnekZ ÔRvBiveÕ bv‡g WvKv n‡Zv| d¨vkb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i Lv`¨vfvm, m½xZ, wewfbœ ai‡bi Py‡ji ÷vBj, ¯^v¯’¨wewa, cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZvq wZwb GK wecøe mvab K‡iwQ‡jb| wZwb wQ‡jb ga¨hy‡Mi ms¯‹…wZ I d¨vk‡bi AvBKb Ges Zvi Kv‡Ri Qvc Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB AvR GB AvaywbK we‡k¦I|

m½xZ I Zvi wkKo

RvBiv‡ei wcZ…cÖ`Ë bvg wQj Avey Avj-nvmvb| wZwb 789 wLÖ÷v‡ã Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib, Z‡e Rb¥¯’vb wb‡q weZK© i‡q‡Q| wewfbœ mg‡q HwZnvwmKMY Zv‡K KL‡bv Avie, KL‡bv dvwm©, KL‡bv Kyw`© wKsev KL‡bv K…ò AvwdÖKvb e‡j `vex K‡i‡Qb| †Kvb m‡›`n †bB, Zv‡K wb‡R‡`i †Mv‡Îi `vex Kivi cÖ‡Póv‡ZB GB weZ‡K©i Rb¥ n‡q‡Q| Aviex‡Z Zvi WvKbvg RvBiv‡ei A_© n‡”Q Òeø¨vKevW©Ó ev ÒKv‡jv cvwLÓ| Zvgv‡U MvÎeY© Avi Mv‡bi my›`i Mjvi Rb¨B Zv‡K GB WvKbvgwU †`qv nq|

AveŸvmxq wLjvd‡Zi mgq Lwjdv nviæi Avj-ikx` Gi kvmbvg‡j evM`v‡` RvBive g~jZ ivR-`iev‡ii we‡bv`b wkíx wQ‡jb| Kw_Z Av‡Q, wZwb G‡Zv fvj MvqK wQ‡jb †h ivR-`iev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ e¨w³eM© Zvi Dci Cl©vcivqY n‡q D‡Vb Ges Zvi GB †gavi Kvi‡Y wb‡R‡`i PvKwi nviv‡bvi f‡q Zvi weiæ‡× PµvšÍ K‡i Zv‡K wbe©vm‡b cvwV‡q †`b| wbe©vwmZ n‡q RvBive AvwdÖKvq AvkÖq LyuR‡Z _v‡Kb Ges mKj ¯’vbxq kvmK‡`i Kv‡Q Zvi †gavi wewbg‡q PvKwi cÖv_©bv K‡ib| Zvi Rxe‡bi myeY© my‡hvMwU Av‡m hLb †¯ú‡bi DgvBqv wLjvdZ kvwmZ mvgÖv‡R¨i DgvBqv Avwgi Avj-nvKvg Zv‡K Avgš¿Y Rvbvb|

ga¨hyMxq Lute, †hLv‡b RvBive 5g Zvi ms‡hvRb K‡ib

RvBive hLb †kl ch©šÍ Av›`vjy‡m †cŠuQvb, Avj-nvKv‡gi DËimyix wØZxq Ave&` Avj-ivngvb Zv‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvb| Ave&` Avj-ingvb RvBiv‡ei †gavq gy» n‡q mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡K K‡W©vevi ivR-`iev‡ii m`m¨ wn‡m‡e wbhy³ K‡ib| wZwb RvBiv‡ei Rb¨ †ek fv‡jv †eZb wba©viY K‡i †`b, _vKvi Rb¨ cÖvmv‡`i e‡›`ve¯Í K‡i †`b Ges Av›`vjywmqvi mvs¯‹…wZK Dbœq‡bi wbqš¿‡Yi wmsnfvM Zvi nv‡Z Ac©Y K‡i †`b|

Gici RvBive gvbyl‡K m½xZ wkí I we‡bv`b m¤ú‡K© wkw¶Z K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ GKwU cÖwZôvb M‡o †Zv‡jb| GB cÖwZôv‡b wZwb abx-`wi`Ö wbwe©‡k‡l mevB‡KB QvÎ-QvÎx wn‡m‡e wb‡Zb| wZwb HwZn¨evnx m½xZ¸‡jv Ges †d‡j Avmv evwo evM`v` Gi Mvb¸‡jv †kLv‡Zb| A‡bK Mv‡bB wZwb wb‡Ri bZyb ms‡hvRb K‡iwQ‡jb, mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q wM‡qwQ‡jb GB m…RbkxjZv eRvq †i‡L| jyU (Lute) bvgK GKwU eûj e¨eüZ HwZn¨evnx GK ev`¨h‡š¿ wZwb cÂg Zvi ms‡hvRb K‡ib| hv cieZ©x‡Z wMUvi Avwe®‹v‡ii c_ cÖmvwiZ K‡i| Avj-Av›`vjy‡m mgv‡Ri mKj ¯Í‡ii gvby‡li Kv‡Q wZwb kxl©¯’vbxq m½xZwkíx wn‡m‡e m¤§vwbZ wQ‡jb|

d¨vkb I Lv`¨

eZ©gv‡b †Kvb mycvi÷vi m½xZwkíxi g‡ZvB RvBive d¨vkb I ms¯‹…wZi AvBKb wQ‡jb| GK`g †j‡U÷ Ges †miv †cvkvK-AvkvK, Py‡ji ÷vBj I Lvev‡ii †LuvR gvbyl Zvi †_‡K wb‡Zv| RvBive Zv‡`i KL‡bvB nZvk K‡ibwb|

Zvi AvMg‡Yi AvM ch©šÍ Avj-Av›`vjym wQj GKUy iæ¶| iæwPm¤§Z †cvkvK-AvkvK wKsev ÷vB‡ji w`‡K Kv‡iv AZ bRi wQjbv| RvBive GB avivi cwieZ©b K‡ib| eQ‡ii wewfbœ mg‡qi Rb¨ we‡kl is‡qi †cvkvK covi cÖPjb K‡ib wZwb| kx‡Zi †cvkvK n‡e Mvp is‡qi I fvix Kvc‡oi, mv‡_ _vK‡e ck‡gi e¨envi, hv kx‡Zi †cvkvK‡K K‡iwQj Abb¨| kir wKsev em‡šÍi Kvc‡o †mB FZyi is cÖvavb¨ cv‡e| ki‡Z gvbyl kir FZyi cvZvi is‡qi mv‡_ wgwj †i‡L jvj, njy` Avi Kgjv †cvkvK co‡e| em‡šÍ co‡e D¾j is‡qi †cvkvK, hv Pvwiw`‡K dyUšÍ dy‡ji K_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`‡e| MÖx‡®§ mv`v wKsev nvjKv is‡qi †cvkvK co‡Z n‡e| Ò‡jevi †WÕi (†m‡Þ¤^‡ii ïiæi w`‡K) ci Avi †Kvb mv`v †cvkvK bqÓ bvgK AvaywbK †h ixwZwU cÖPwjZ Zvi DrcwË GLvb †_‡KB|

RvBive me©cÖ_g kZg~jx‡K Lvevi wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡ib

Avj-Av›`vjy‡mi Lv`¨vf¨v‡mi gv‡SI wZwb e¨vcK cwieZ©b Av‡bb| Gi Av‡M Avj-Av›`vjym (wKsev gymwjg we‡k¦) wewfbœ c‡` Lvevi cwi‡ekb Kivi cÖPjb wQjbv| gvsm †_‡K ïiæ K‡i wgw÷ wKsev mvjv`, mKj ¯^v‡`i I iæwPi Lvevi GKBmv‡_ cwi‡ekb Kiv n‡Zv| RvBive ej‡jb Lvevi cwi‡ek‡bi gv‡SI µgavivi cÖPjb Kiv hvq| my¨c‡K cÖ_‡g iæwPea©K wn‡m‡e cwi‡ekb Kiv n‡e, Zvi ci Avm‡e cÖavb c`¸‡jvt †Mv¯Í, gvQ wKsev Ab¨vb¨ fvix Lvevimg~n| cwi‡k‡l, LvIqv †kl Kiv n‡e wewfbœ dj I wgw÷ w`‡q, mv‡_ bv¯Ív wn‡m‡e ev`vg cwi‡ewkZ n‡e| GB c×wZ ivaybxi iÜb cÖwµqv I gvby‡li Lv`¨vfv‡m wekvj cwieZ©b wb‡q Av‡m| AvR GB AvaywbK hy‡MI eûc‡`i Lvevi GKBfv‡e cwi‡ekb Kiv nq, hv RvBive Avi¤¢ K‡iwQ‡jb AvR †_‡K GK nvRvi GiI †ekx eQi Av‡M|

¯^v¯’¨wewa I cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZv

RvBiv‡ei c`PviYv K‡qKwU †¶‡ÎB mxgve× wQjbv, Av›`vjywmqvevmxi cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi `…wófw½ cv‡ë †`b wZwb| GB A‡j RvBive cÖ_g Uy_‡c‡÷i cÖPjb K‡ib (hviv Lye KvQvKvwQ †_‡K G‡K A‡b¨i mv‡_ K_v ej‡Zv, Zv‡`i Rb¨ wbtm‡›`‡n GwU wQj mymsev`)| Av›`vjywmqvi MÖx‡®§i Pig Zvc`v‡nI Mv‡q myMÜ eRvq ivL‡Z wZwb wWI‡Wv‡i›U ev myMwÜ e¨env‡ii civgk© †`b| wZwb wbZ¨bZyb Py‡ji QvU Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| Gi Av‡M Avj-Av›`vjym Gi cyiæl I gwnjv‡`i Pyj _vK‡Zv `xN© I Aweb¨¯Í| RvBive wKQy Py‡ji QvU RbwcÖq K‡i †Zv‡jb †hLv‡b cyiæl‡`i Pyj †QvU I cwi®‹vi Ges †g‡q‡`i Pyj Kcv‡ji mvg‡b evKv Qv‡U KvUv _vK‡Zv (hv GLb Ôe¨vsmÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ)| GB bZyb Qv‡Ui Py‡ji PP©vi Rb¨ wZwb †MvjvcRj I jeY w`‡q ˆZix k¨v¤úyi cÖPjb K‡ib, hvi gva¨‡g Pyj Av‡Mi †P‡q A‡bK my›`i I m‡ZR _vK‡Zv|

mvs¯‹…wZK ev KvjPvivj AvBKb wn‡m‡e d¨vkb, cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZv Ges Lv`¨vfv‡mi e¨vcv‡i Zvi ïiæ Kiv ixwZ¸‡jv Qwo‡q c‡o AvB‡ewiqv DcØxc (eZ©gvb †¯úb I cZ©yMvj) Gi mxgvbv Qvwo‡q `~i-`~iv‡šÍ| †MvUv ga¨hyMxq BD‡iv‡c Ges gymwjg we‡k¦ Zvi GB ixwZ¸‡jv gvbyl AbyKiY Ki‡Z _v‡K, hy³ Ki‡Z _v‡K Zv‡`i K…wó I ms¯‹…wZ‡Z| AvR GB AvaywbK we‡k¦I Avgiv †hfv‡e LvB, †hfv‡e †cvkvK cwiavb Kwi Ges wb‡R‡`i cwiPh©v Kwi Zv‡Z Zvi m…wó¸‡jvi Qvc c‡o Av‡Q| wZwb ms¯‹…wZi GK mwZ¨Kv‡ii cÖwZg~wZ© wQ‡jb hvi ÷vBj Zvi RxeÏkv †cwi‡q eûeQi a‡i wU‡K i‡q‡Q|

Abyev` Kiv n‡q‡Qt The Cultural Icon of Al-Andalus AvwU©‡Kj †_‡K